Here are 10 One-Word Answer Type Questions from the chapter “Wastewater Story” along with their answers and explanations (given immediately after each question and answer):
1)
Question: What is the term used for wastewater released by homes and industries?
Answer: Sewage
Explanation: Sewage is the liquid waste that comes from homes, offices, industries, and hospitals. It contains water with dissolved and suspended impurities, which makes it harmful if released untreated.
2)
Question: Which process is used to remove physical, chemical, and biological contaminants from wastewater?
Answer: Treatment
Explanation: Wastewater treatment is the process by which impurities are removed from sewage to make it safe before releasing it into water bodies or for reuse.
3)
Question: What is the solid waste extracted during sewage treatment called?
Answer: Sludge
Explanation: Sludge is the solid part of sewage that settles at the bottom during treatment. It is further treated and used as manure.
4)
Question: Name the gas produced during the decomposition of sludge.
Answer: Biogas
Explanation: Sludge is decomposed by anaerobic bacteria, which produces biogas. This gas can be used as fuel or to generate electricity.
5)
Question: What is the term used for the screen used to remove large objects from sewage?
Answer: Barscreen
Explanation: Bar screens are used at the entry point of sewage treatment plants to remove large objects like rags, plastic packets, and sticks from the wastewater.
6)
Question: What is the clear water obtained after removal of sludge called?
Answer: Clarified
Explanation: After sludge and floatable solids are removed from sewage, the remaining clear water is called clarified water. It is further treated to remove dissolved impurities.
7)
Question: What is the process of bubbling air through clarified water called?
Answer: Aeration
Explanation: In aeration, air is pumped into clarified water to help aerobic bacteria grow. These bacteria consume organic waste present in the water.
8)
Question: Name any one chemical used to disinfect treated water.
Answer: Chlorine
Explanation: Chemicals like chlorine and ozone are used to disinfect treated water and kill disease-causing microorganisms before releasing it.
9)
Question: What type of bacteria work without oxygen to decompose sludge?
Answer: Anaerobic
Explanation: Anaerobic bacteria break down sludge in the absence of oxygen. They produce biogas during the decomposition process.
10)
Question: What is the network of big and small pipes that carry sewage called?
Answer: Sewerage
Explanation: Sewerage is the system of pipes that carries sewage from houses and buildings to the sewage treatment plant for treatment.
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