1. Question: Which revenue system was introduced in South India under the Munro system?
Answer: Ryotwari
Explanation: The Ryotwari system was introduced in South India by Thomas Munro, where revenue was collected directly from cultivators (ryots) .
2. Question: Who first experimented with the Ryotwari system before Munro developed it?
Answer: Read
Explanation: Captain Alexander Read initially experimented with the Ryotwari system in areas taken over after the wars with Tipu Sultan .
3. Question: In which region of India was the Munro system implemented?
Answer: South
Explanation: The Ryotwari system was gradually extended across South India after its initial implementation .
4. Question: Who was the British official responsible for extending the Ryotwari system?
Answer: Munro
Explanation: Thomas Munro played a key role in developing and extending the Ryotwari system across South India .
5. Question: Under the Ryotwari system, who paid land revenue directly to the British?
Answer: Ryots
Explanation: Unlike the Zamindari system, revenue was collected directly from individual cultivators (ryots) .
6. Question: What method was used to determine revenue assessment in the Ryotwari system?
Answer: Survey
Explanation: Fields were carefully measured and separately surveyed before the revenue assessment was finalized .
7. Question: What role did the British assume towards the ryots under this system?
Answer: Paternal
Explanation: Munro believed the British should act as paternal figures, protecting the ryots under their charge .
8. Question: What major issue arose in the Ryotwari system due to high revenue demands?
Answer: Desertion
Explanation: High revenue demands led to ryots being unable to pay, resulting in them fleeing villages .
9. Question: What was the optimistic expectation of British officials regarding the Ryotwari system?
Answer: Farmers
Explanation: Officials believed the system would transform peasants into rich, enterprising farmers, but this did not happen .
10. Question: What crop did the British later encourage Indian peasants to grow for European markets?
Answer: Indigo
Explanation: The British saw the countryside not only as a source of revenue but also as a supplier of crops like indigo, jute, and cotton .
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