Here are 10 one-word answer type questions based on the topic “Britain turns to India”, along with explanations:
1. Which company controlled trade and indigo production in India?
East India Company
The British East India Company controlled trade and was responsible for expanding indigo cultivation in India to meet European demand .
2. Which European industry required large amounts of indigo?
Textile
As Britain’s textile industry expanded during industrialization, the demand for indigo dye increased significantly .
3. Which two regions’ indigo production declined between 1783 and 1789?
West Indies
Indigo production in the West Indies and America declined, leading Britain to look for new sources, especially in India .
4. Which Indian region saw rapid expansion of indigo cultivation from the late 18th century?
Bengal
From the late 18th century, Bengal became a major center for indigo production, supplying most of Britain’s demand .
5. By 1810, what percentage of Britain’s indigo came from India?
95
By 1810, 95% of the indigo imported into Britain was from India, making it the largest supplier .
6. What term describes large farms where crops like indigo were grown?
Plantation
The British established large plantations in India to grow cash crops like indigo, using forced labor and coercive practices .
7. Who were the primary European investors in India’s indigo trade?
Scotsmen
Many Scotsmen and Englishmen became planters in India, attracted by the high profits from the indigo trade .
8. Which financial institutions provided loans to indigo planters?
Banks
To encourage indigo production, the British government and newly established banks provided loans to planters .
9. What was the name of the system where planters produced indigo on their own land?
Nij
Under the Nij system, British planters grew indigo on lands they directly controlled by employing hired labor .
10. What was the alternative system where peasants were forced to grow indigo?
Ryoti
In the Ryoti system, peasants were coerced into growing indigo on their land under unfair contracts with British planters .
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