One-Word Answer Type Questions – Federalism
1. What system of government divides power between central and regional authorities?
Answer: Federalism
Explanation: Federalism is a system where power is constitutionally divided between the central government and regional or state governments, ensuring autonomy at different levels.
2. What is the term for the division of power between different levels of government?
Answer: Vertical
Explanation: Vertical power-sharing ensures that governance is distributed among different levels, such as the central, state, and local governments.
3. Which country transformed from a unitary to a federal system to accommodate its diverse population?
Answer: Belgium
Explanation: Belgium became a federal state by granting constitutional powers to regional governments to manage ethnic and linguistic diversity.
4. What term refers to a system where all power is concentrated in the central government?
Answer: Unitary
Explanation: In a unitary system, the central government holds all power, and local or state authorities only have delegated responsibilities without independent powers.
5. Which level of government in a federal system handles matters like defense and foreign policy?
Answer: Central
Explanation: The central government is responsible for handling national issues such as defense, foreign affairs, and currency, ensuring uniform policies across the country.
6. Which level of government in a federal system manages state policies like agriculture and police?
Answer: State
Explanation: State governments handle local matters such as agriculture, law enforcement, and trade regulations within their respective territories.
7. Which type of list in the Indian Constitution includes subjects like education and trade unions, where both central and state governments can legislate?
Answer: Concurrent
Explanation: The Concurrent List contains subjects where both the central and state governments have legislative power, but in case of a conflict, central laws prevail.
8. Which country follows a federal system where states have special powers due to historical and cultural factors?
Answer: India
Explanation: India follows federalism, but some states, like Jammu & Kashmir (before 2019) and northeastern states, have special provisions based on their unique circumstances.
9. Which term describes the distribution of power among multiple levels of government in a federal system?
Answer: Jurisdiction
Explanation: In federalism, different levels of government have their jurisdiction, meaning they have constitutionally defined areas of authority.
10. What type of federalism is formed when independent states voluntarily join together for mutual benefits?
Answer: Coming-together
Explanation: In a coming-together federation, independent states voluntarily unite to form a larger federation while retaining equal power, like in the USA and Switzerland.
