Nationalism and Imperialism
1. By the last quarter of the 19th century, nationalism had transformed into:
A) A movement for democracy
B) A liberal and democratic sentiment
C) A narrow creed with limited ends
D) A campaign for religious unity
Answer: C) A narrow creed with limited ends
2. Which region became the most serious source of nationalist tension in Europe after 1871?
A) The British Isles
B) The Balkans
C) The Iberian Peninsula
D) Scandinavia
Answer: B) The Balkans
3. What was the major factor contributing to the instability of the Balkan region?
A) Dominance of the British Empire
B) Religious harmony and political unity
C) Geographical and ethnic diversity with nationalist aspirations
D) Economic prosperity and industrial growth
Answer: C) Geographical and ethnic diversity with nationalist aspirations
4. Which empire controlled a large part of the Balkans before nationalist movements gained momentum?
A) The Austro-Hungarian Empire
B) The British Empire
C) The Russian Empire
D) The Ottoman Empire
Answer: D) The Ottoman Empire
5. What role did the Ottoman Empire play in the Balkans during the 19th century?
A) It was a symbol of Slavic unity
B) It strengthened nationalist movements
C) It struggled with internal reforms but failed to maintain control over its European territories
D) It promoted democracy and nationalism
Answer: C) It struggled with internal reforms but failed to maintain control over its European territories
6. What contributed to the growing rivalry among European powers over the Balkans?
A) A desire to promote cultural exchange
B) Competing interests in trade, colonies, and military dominance
C) Religious missions to spread Christianity
D) Alliances for peace and prosperity
Answer: B) Competing interests in trade, colonies, and military dominance
7. Which major powers were involved in the rivalry over the Balkans?
A) Britain, France, Spain, and Italy
B) Russia, Germany, England, and Austro-Hungary
C) USA, Russia, France, and China
D) Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, and Poland
Answer: B) Russia, Germany, England, and Austro-Hungary
8. What was the final outcome of the nationalist tensions and rivalries in the Balkans?
A) The signing of the Treaty of Versailles
B) The creation of a Balkan Union
C) A series of wars leading to the outbreak of the First World War
D) The establishment of the Ottoman Confederation
Answer: C) A series of wars leading to the outbreak of the First World War
9. How did anti-imperial movements across the world relate to nationalism?
A) They ignored nationalism and focused only on cultural revival
B) They were nationalist movements aimed at forming independent nation-states
C) They promoted imperial dominance over weaker nations
D) They focused solely on economic reforms without political goals
Answer: B) They were nationalist movements aimed at forming independent nation-states
10. What idea became accepted as natural and universal during the period of rising nationalism and anti-imperial movements?
A) The spread of colonial rule
B) The division of the world into empires
C) The organization of societies into nation-states
D) The dominance of monarchy
Answer: C) The organization of societies into nation-states
