Here are the Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs) categorized by topic from your provided NCERT Political Science PDF:
FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY
1. Which of the following is a key feature of democracy?
A) Rulers are elected by the people
B) The army controls the government
C) Elections are held once in 20 years
D) Only one political party is allowed
2. In a democracy, the power to make major decisions rests with:
A) The wealthiest individuals
B) Elected representatives
C) The judiciary
D) The military
3. What ensures political equality in a democracy?
A) Every citizen has the right to vote
B) Only the rich can contest elections
C) The army appoints leaders
D) Government decisions are secret
4. Which of the following is NOT a feature of democracy?
A) Free and fair elections
B) Rule by a hereditary king
C) Government is accountable to citizens
D) Protection of fundamental rights
5. Which country is an example of a non-democratic government where only one party is allowed?
A) India
B) United Kingdom
C) China
D) United States
MAJOR DECISIONS BY ELECTED LEADERS
1. In a democracy, who is responsible for making major decisions?
A) Military officials
B) Elected representatives
C) Wealthy businesspersons
D) Religious leaders
2. In Pakistan, General Pervez Musharraf held a referendum to extend his rule. What was wrong with this referendum?
A) It was conducted fairly
B) People had a real choice
C) It was considered unfair and manipulated
D) It was conducted under UN supervision
3. In a true democracy, what should be the basis for all major decisions?
A) The military’s approval
B) The decision of the richest class
C) The choice of elected leaders
D) The choice of the ruling monarchy
4. Why should major decisions be taken by elected leaders?
A) Because they are experts in every subject
B) Because they have absolute power
C) Because they represent the will of the people
D) Because they are appointed by international organizations
5. What does a democratic government ensure regarding decision-making?
A) Only military leaders make laws
B) All decisions are taken secretly
C) Decisions are made through consultation and debate
D) People do not have any say in governance
FREE AND FAIR ELECTORAL COMPETITION
1. Which of the following is a requirement for an election to be considered democratic?
A) Only one candidate should contest
B) Elections should be held regularly and fairly
C) People should vote only if they want to
D) The government should select the winner
2. How do free and fair elections strengthen democracy?
A) By allowing only one party to contest
B) By giving people a choice to elect their representatives
C) By making voting mandatory
D) By letting the military control the outcome
3. Which of the following practices undermines free and fair elections?
A) Secret ballot voting
B) Political debates
C) Vote rigging and manipulation
D) Independent election commissions
4. What is the role of the Election Commission in a democracy?
A) To support only the ruling party
B) To ensure elections are conducted freely and fairly
C) To decide the winners before elections take place
D) To remove opposition parties from elections
5. In some countries, elections take place, but only one political party is allowed to rule. Why is this not a free and fair election?
A) People do not have a real choice
B) Voting is optional
C) The ruling party is always re-elected
D) Elections happen every 10 years
ANSWERS AND EXPLANATIONS
FEATURES OF DEMOCRACY
1. Correct Answer: A) Rulers are elected by the people
Democracy means a government that is chosen by the people through elections.
2. Correct Answer: B) Elected representatives
Elected leaders represent the will of the people and make key decisions.
3. Correct Answer: A) Every citizen has the right to vote
Political equality is achieved when all citizens can vote, regardless of background.
4. Correct Answer: B) Rule by a hereditary king
Democracy does not have rulers who inherit power.
5. Correct Answer: C) China
China is a one-party state where elections do not offer real competition.
MAJOR DECISIONS BY ELECTED LEADERS
1. Correct Answer: B) Elected representatives
Democratic governments function based on decisions made by elected officials.
2. Correct Answer: C) It was considered unfair and manipulated
The referendum was seen as unfair and controlled by Musharraf’s government.
3. Correct Answer: C) The choice of elected leaders
Democratic leaders take decisions on behalf of the people who elect them.
4. Correct Answer: C) Because they represent the will of the people
Democratic leaders are chosen by the people to make decisions in their interest.
5. Correct Answer: C) Decisions are made through consultation and debate
In a democracy, decisions are not taken arbitrarily; they involve discussions and approvals.
FREE AND FAIR ELECTORAL COMPETITION
1. Correct Answer: B) Elections should be held regularly and fairly
Free and fair elections ensure that leaders are chosen by the people at regular intervals.
2. Correct Answer: B) By giving people a choice to elect their representatives
Without real choices, elections become meaningless.
3. Correct Answer: C) Vote rigging and manipulation
Unfair practices like rigging undermine free elections.
4. Correct Answer: B) To ensure elections are conducted freely and fairly
The Election Commission ensures that elections are fair and impartial.
5. Correct Answer: A) People do not have a real choice
If only one party is allowed to win, elections are meaningless.
These questions and answers are based on the NCERT Political Science textbook section on democracy, as found in your provided PDF. Let me know if you need any modifications!
